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首页 » 『龙腾世界』 » 〖群英“汇”〗(公会招募) » 6区23号开你们不要不信这是真的送金牌号
l6343251 - 2011/7/14 18:10:00
40738.665382
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39420381G01344 0x1231d7
l6343251 - 2011/7/14 20:09:00
真的开,不是骗子
cd8d5fg15 - 2011/7/14 20:11:00
"滥情作文"何以泛滥
mm谈福建高考作文命题与评卷
陆敏福建省厦门双十中学, 361009
摘要:话题形式的作文命题催生"滥情作文".本文主要从福建高考作文命题及作文理念、福建高考优秀作文及高考作文评卷两个方面,分析评价福建高考作文命题与评卷对"滥情作文"的泛滥所起的推波助澜作用.
关键词:福建高考作文 命题 评卷 反思
(一)什么叫"滥情作文"
"滥情作文"指的是近10年来因高考作文采用所谓"话题"的命题形式而流行的一种作文样式.这类作文的特点是:①不遵循相应的文体要求,模糊甚至混淆不同文体的区别;②轻视作文的审题,往往就命题的某一方面随意发挥、敷衍成文,甚至抄袭套题;③漠视现实生活、缺乏真知灼见,文章思想苍白,[置顶]**中心、**关于印发《〈中华人民共和国公,情感虚伪;④堆砌、拼凑材料,在议论文中表现为用例证来代替论证;⑤语言表达上华丽花哨,华而不实,追求浮靡的文风.
上述这类作文常被人们称作"小文人散文"、"秋雨体作文"、"四不像作文"、"套话作文".因其最主要特征和最严重的弊病在于漠视现实生活,缺乏真知灼见,文章思想苍白,情感虚伪,本文据此把它称为"滥情作文"."滥情"的意思是文章思想感情浮泛而不合实际.
近年来,"滥情作文"已经受到人们的普遍质疑和诟病,但在福建高考作文中依旧是一种写作时髦,甚至被评为高考优秀作文,对中学生写作造成很不好的影响.这里就以2010年福建高考的一篇优秀作文为例mm
驭思,轻吟韵调[1]
飞鸟过往间,生生灭灭,千年的过客撷来冷月吐织馨香的巾绢,为你擦亮迷离的双眼,去发现尘封于天地之间美丽.轻驭遐思,找寻曾经难以磨灭的一抹瑰丽.
生活需要发现,正如格林兄弟的那位朋友一样,即使是在不经意间,亦能发现亘古的瑰宝.
缺月挂疏桐,漏断人初静.一床光洁的月光,裹着淡淡的清辉,覆过被黑暗笼罩的心扉.多少欢声笑语,都逝去了,但一曲《二泉映月》却永远凝结在两根弦上,满腔的愁怨似泉水般汩汩溢淌而出.如此动人心魂的乐音唯有阿炳这位民间的遗珠才可演奏得出.我们该感动,我们该庆幸,若无那两位艺术家慧眼,或许这位心灵音乐者只能随红尘的波浪与我们渐行渐起(远),直至消失殆尽.因为有了发现,在岁月的铮铮乐音中我们可以捕捉到可扣响心灵的乐符!
平凡的生活中,真的需要发现,用我们的心去发现每抹美丽.我们可以听见雎鸠在河之洲啁啾出了窈窕淑女.我们可以在夕阳斜照勾勒人世圆润轮廓时,看到生命在真谛里悄然净化.我们亦可以感知所有的理念与思绪在民族的平仄间永远绸缎般细腻滑凉!我们需要发现.
太白漫有惊人句,夜光杯里诗成仙,请关注文物保护教育(一)!可惜,天生不羁世难容!恰便似蕃纕蒙尘不得用.悲兮,叹兮hh太白确实有才,他可邀月同影成三人,亦可放浪散发弄扁舟,但他缺乏一位伯乐,缺少能赏识他的君主!玄宗此刻早已在温柔乡里夜夜笙歌,又岂会理会太白这位小小的翰林待诏?或许,我们可以说庙堂如池不容龙,枉负才思如泉涌,又或许,我们能愤慨道渺渺鹏兮扶摇上,却不见云霓拨开有蒂阍!但太白并未被遗忘,因此,他的才华他的豪情早已在历史的笔触下持久绵密地绚烂!而如今,我亦在顶礼膜拜这些宛若来自九天之外诗调婉转着斗(丰)腴的梦想,难诉的悲怆在历史的盘桓中浓郁!
发现,多么简单的两个字,寄寓的却是无限的真知与憧憬.无论何时,都用洗净铅华的心去发现尘世的馥丽,宫商角徵角(羽),琴诗棋画唱,或是庄生晓梦,屈子离骚,都会在你那如晨露般晶莹剔透的眸子里沉积千古乐章!
闭眼驭思,用心发现,许自己一份雁过无痕,一种大爱留香.轻启双唇,浅唱韵律,你会感受到,即便是在不经意间,亦可发现那永不磨灭的瑰丽hh
驭思,轻吟韵调!
这是一篇十分典型的"滥情作文",这类作文的几个方面特征无一遗漏全都具备,特别是:
1.思想苍白,缺乏对生活的真知灼见
文章以"生活需要发现"立意,但题目却是"驭思,轻吟韵调",两者间毫无内在联系,甚至是风马牛不相及的."生活需要发现"居全文之要,但通读全文,我们看不到有任何文字告诉我们:为什么说生活需要发现、怎样去发现;我们在发现生活方面出现了什么问题,因此有必要强调"发现"的重要hh全文只有观点而蛮不讲理,无思想价值可言.
文章说格林兄弟的那位朋友是在"不经意间"发现了亘古的瑰宝,而联想到的却是阿炳若无那两位艺术家的"慧眼",或许只能"随红尘的波浪与我们渐行渐起(远),直至消失殆尽."既然是"慧眼"就该不是"不经意间"发现.文章说李白"缺乏一位伯乐,缺少能赏识他的君主",但既然缺少赏识又为何"未被遗忘",而且才华与豪情"早已在历史的笔触下持久绵密地绚烂"呢?文章的两则主要材料都前言不搭后语,缺乏思维逻辑.
2.堆砌材料,炫耀博学,有事没事全拿古人说事
这一点读文章不言自明,就不说了.
3.情感矫揉造作,文风浮靡,语病比比皆是
如:"过客撷来冷月吐织hh巾绢"/"一床hh月光,裹着hh清辉,覆过hh心扉"/"hh乐音唯有hh遗珠才可演奏得出"/"这位心灵音乐者hh渐行渐起,直至消失殆尽"/"雎鸠hh啁啾出hh淑女"/"夕阳hh勾勒人世圆润轮廊"/"理念与思绪hh绸缎般细腻滑凉"/"豪情hh持久绵密地绚烂"/"顶礼膜拜这些hh诗调婉转着斗腴的梦想"/"在hh眸子里沉积千古乐章".矫揉造作的情感与比比皆是的语病是如此"完美"的结合在一起,令人"观为叹止"!
但是,就是这样的文章,居然被选作福建省的高考优秀作文!
而且,从近几年的高考优秀作文中,这种"滥情"作文还可以列出长长的清单hh
(二)"滥情作文"是如何产生与泛滥的
"滥情作文"的出现有着深刻的现实背景,它是一个特定历史时期的产物,不能完全归罪于福建高考作文命题.
回顾以往,在1949年后的相当长一段时期里,政治话语占据着中学作文教育与高考作文的核心,高考作文试题如五六十年代的"生活在幸福的时代里"(1956)、"谈**与学习"(1965),八九十年代的"理论对实践的指导意义"(1987),都具有着浓厚的政治意识形态色彩.在这样的文化语境里,写作教育成了为塑造政治角色、规范社会成员、改造思想意识服务的工具,个人的情趣追求与思想主张难以得到表现,写作者的"小我"被无情地压抑了.
改革开放后,随着思想解放的不断深入,政治意识形态色彩开始逐渐褪去,人们的情趣追求与思想主张日益多样化、个性化,抒发自我的写作诉求越来越为人们所重视.但是,时代文化语境的这一变化到了2000年前后才反映到高考作文上来.这一时期的高考作文出现了话题作文的形式,如"假如记忆可以移植"(1999年)、"答案是丰富多彩的"(2000年).这类话题作文在命题的开放性、思维的发散性、文体的多样性和行文的自主性方面与过去的作文命题迥然不同,特色鲜明,它使作文摆脱了过去的话语权威对写作者的压抑,为个性化的写作与"小我"的自由抒发给予了便利.
然而,长期迷失的"小我"并没有因为话题作文的出现而得以皈依.话题作文虽为自我的情感抒发给予了便利,但也为缺乏思想内蕴的、矫揉造作的"滥情"提供了一个宣泄的出口.当这类话题作文成为高考常用的命题形式后,更日益显示出它的不足:它降低甚至取消审题的门槛,最新传奇外传**,模糊甚至混淆文体的区别,漠视现实生活与真知灼见,催生华而不实的恶劣文风,助长套题甚至抄袭的风气.从近10年的高考作文命题催生出的"滥情作文"可以看出,这类话题作文仅仅满足了人们在新的文化语境中一时的狂欢和戏谑,如果沉迷其中,它很可能把我们健康的写作追求也给消遣了.
2004年福建高考语文的作文命题,以孔子、苏轼、曹操等10位历史人物或文学形象为话题,要求考生自选角度写作.这一作文命题在当时备受关注,得到专家学者们的热情称赞.孙绍振教授肯定它既有"非常大的自由度",又有"深层的导向","从某种意义上来说,这种导向性非常严格,它不机械地追求贴近学生生活,而是追求超越日常生活的表层,进行经典文化的思索." [2]只是可惜的是,在当时话题作文盛行的情况下,2004年福建高考的这一命题把话题作文推向极致,使得在话题作文中产生的滥情文风更为泛滥."非常大的自由度"取消了作文审题,迎合了"话题作文是个筐,什么立意都可往里装"的写作风气,那些假文化之名的话题作文既缺乏对历史与现实的深入体验,也没有深刻的理性思索与真知灼见,往往只是借几位古人、名人来敷衍铺陈,"为文而造情"."深层的导向"在浮躁的应试背景下成了我们的一厢情愿,文化仅是考生作文中为争取高分的时尚而又肤浅的点缀,在这类作文命题的怂恿下,崇古之风盛行,作文离现实生活也就越来越远了,"滥情作文"籍此而大行其道,至今仍影响着我们的中学生们.
我们的写作教育理论也在其中起着推波助澜的作用,至今仍值得我们反思,如:
1.审题是不是能力?
我国历史上的科举考试有着一贯重视"审题"的传统,把它提高到几乎决定文章成败的地步;直至今天,在作文评价过程中,当学生的写作离题时,教师也往往会毫不留情地批上最低档的分数.相比较而言,美国在对待离题问题上则要宽松许多,教师往往先像正常情况一样使用评分标准,而后减去题目相关性应得的分数,不是直接判定为失败文章.但是,宽松并不等于不要审题,中学作文教学也不是专门培养自由作家,通过高考走上大学殿堂的学子们将来走入社会,写作恐怕是他们"为稻粱谋"一种手段.单位文秘揣摩领导意图写文宣,公司企划针对年度统计拟规划,法官看卷宗作案例分析,贫困户根据**扶贫通告写申请补助的报告,"审题"几乎无处不在.只是我们的审题不要去玩那类"猫抓老鼠"的把戏,应当用科学的标准去评判学生的审题能力.
2.重生活是不是写作的误区?
生活与阅读都同样是重要的.通过阅读我们看到自己未曾接触过的生活,通过阅读我们了解到他人对生活的理解,阅读开拓了我们的生活视野,培养了我们的睿智,陶冶了我们的情操.但如果没有切身的生活体验,我们的阅读也深刻不起来.当代中学生的现状是在应试教育的重压下既缺乏生活又缺乏阅读.话题作文中的"小文人散文"就是在"重阅读(只是功利主义的阅读,不是真正意义的阅读)轻生活"的背景下产生的.积累几个文学人物、文化名人,任何作文都可以派他们出场;对李杜苏辛、唐宋明清一知半解却能瞎编胡掰、随便拿捏,却不知道"摅怀旧之蓄念,发思古之幽情"是为了今天.两耳不闻窗外事,一心只为掉书袋!"两脚书橱"们在高考作文里纵横捭阖、出尽风头,这种现象值得我们警醒!
"贴近生活""贴近自我""贴近想象",孤立地提倡哪一样都是不靠谱的.现在学生作文存在的问题是既缺乏生活也没有了自我,仅靠搜寻一些古人、名人的陈芝麻烂西瓜敷衍成篇.我们倡导的应是"贴近生活"与"贴近自我"的结合,可以有所偏重,但不能有所偏废.生活只有经过心灵的烛照才有写作的意义,只有贴近这样的生活才是最靠谱的.
3.文体能否有限制?
话题作文漠视文体要求,视文体限制为大逆不道,结果催生了一批"四不像"的怪胎.中学教育是基础教育,指导学生掌握基本文体的规范要求是中学作文教学的主要任务之一.当记者、做诗人,写小说是发展了的能力要求,即使是文学院的芸芸众生也不见得人人都能在这方面成为行家里手,但都必须掌握基本文体的规范要求.普及与提高,基础与特长,是不可混淆的两个方面.在大规模教育考试中让具有不同言语素养和才情优势的学生都能施展才华,这往往是美好而不切实际的愿望,这类事情最好交给大学自主招生来完成.
作为大学统一招生考试的高考,在文体写作上应有所侧重.毕竟选拔具有自由作家潜能的考生只是一些文学院的"小众"要求,但无论什么学院什么专业,能阅读和撰写论文,具有较强的逻辑思维能力,应是普遍的要求.这样说并不意味着高考作文每年都限定写议论文,但常年不限制文体而由考生天马行空,不能不说是大学统一招生考试的责任缺失.
中学教育有它的基础性、阶段性特征.根据不同年龄学生的心理特征和思维发展的不同阶段,初中学生的感性思维发展较早,理性思维还不够成熟,这一阶段的作文教学以记叙性文体为主;高中学生的理性思维开始成熟,不再满足于对事物的感性认知,作文教学以议论性文体为主.如果要求一个学生中学六年只写一种最适合于他的文体,就等于放弃作文教学的阶段性要求,这样培养出来的学生在写作能力上是不全面的;如果高考常年淡化文体写作,也将给中学作文教学造成的负面影响.
当前的高中作文教学现状是:高考的淡化文体写作使高中作文教学放弃了议论文写作这个教学重点,系统的、规范的议论文写作教学不见了,学生的议论能力下降,甚至不少学生已经不会写议论文了.
挫折使我们反思,在反思中我们意识到:①高中作文教学要加强对学生议论文写作的指导,要侧重培养学生理性精神和思维逻辑.我们的民族不缺乏忸怩作态的小文人,缺乏的是具有独立的人格、健全的思想和深刻的理性精神的一代新人.②高考作文要加强对议论能力的考查,"文体不限""文体自定"不应该是高考作文命题的常态,议论文体写作的指定命题应该受到重视.因为高考维系着中学与大学两个方面,不能把两个方面的责任都给推卸了.
(三)"滥情"的文风为什么难以纠正
在自行命题的开头几年里,我们曾为话题作文欢欣鼓舞,乐此不疲,其结果却是焚琴煮鹤,把作文教育推到极其危险的悬崖边.如今,话题作文一统天下的局面已经打破,重视议论文教学与考查的呼声也时有耳闻,但是高考作文中的"滥情"之风依然肆虐.2010年6月22日《厦门晚报》用整版的篇幅推出"追问我省2010年高考优分作文"的专栏,专栏的大标题是"华丽的文字掩盖了苍白的思想".这里不妨摘引其中的两篇文章(文中的下划线是引用时加的):
其一:作者王立根(福建省语文学会会长、特级教师)
这次评出的优秀作文,品种太单一.9篇作文都过于华丽,像文化散文.
除《尘封的梦,重拾未晚》之外,其他8篇都是议论文,但与一般学生应该写的平实的议论文背道而驰,质朴、自然的东西没有了,违背了中国传统议论文的写法.
作为议论文,论证应该不断深入,但这几篇作文都停留在一个层面上.追求文采没有错,但不能哗众取宠,议论文主要在于思想.表达准确、得体,语言通顺、平实,就是好文章.我对评阅者有意见,这样评判优秀作文,把其他的路堵死了,导向不好,会影响中学生的文风.
一个女人戴两朵花很好看,如果浑身戴满了花,好看吗?这样评卷,会误导学生,以为非要写得如此花里胡哨才会拿高分.用华丽的文字遮蔽了苍白单薄的思想,很令人忧虑.
其二:作者须一瓜(《厦门晚报》终身首席记者、知名作家)
我不知道什么时候,我们孩子的作文变得如此华丽轻飘,满纸靡丽造作的呻吟遐思.原来有段时间,我做编辑,经常要看那些指导老师推荐过来的学生稿子,它们源源不断地过来.我后来警告我家丫头,这类的作文,不要看了,永远也不要羡慕它们.
我挡得住我家丫头,我能挡得住现世作文价值观吗?看看我们今年高考优分作文,有几篇的文字不是奢华、锦绣之极?哪几篇不是书袋掉满,管它贴切不贴切,先掉再说.
来看看这个优分作文中的一段,格林童话给这个孩子"蓦然回首"的感慨mm
"摊开掌心,无数的掌纹仿佛凌空而起,泛着萤火,交织成神秘的幻象:霎时是我魂牵梦萦的江南古镇,转瞬又融成玉龙雪山的清澈雪水,忽而一面经幡扬起庄严的图腾,最后耸立起一座孤崖.我临崖垂望,崖下是一面澄静深蓝的湖面hh"
我想问,这位批高分的老师,你真的对自己的判断有信心吗?
靡靡之音,柔弱的、软绵绵的、萎靡不振,这就是我对今年高考优分作文的最大感受.
看这些评论,我们的内心应当充满惶恐与羞耻.
十年来,高考"滥情作文"泛滥成灾,到底贻误了多少青年学生!
假如下世纪文学院的《写作教育史》讲坛上,教授讲到"二十一世纪初的高考作文"这一章时,指着我们的高考优秀作文说:"看,这就是l滥情作文r!"我们这批做语文教师的会不会脸红?
"滥情"的文风为什么难以纠正?这其中有着的方方面面的原因(包括高考命题在内),而高考作文评卷中的不作为和由此产生的错误导向,是难以辞其咎的.
其一,"滥情作文"是高考话题作文的产物,它与社会上任何一种规范、健康的文章写作都很不相同,但是,它在高考评卷中尤其受到青睐,容易得高分.学生们学得"滥情体"的唯一目的,是售与评卷教师;评卷教师对"滥情体"的青睐有加,又刺激着后来的学生们竞相效仿hh这就形成了一个与世隔绝的、自产自销和自满自足的封闭体系,并且有着很强的"自我复制"和"自性繁殖"的能力,只要高考评卷依旧推出优秀"滥情作文",只要高考评卷还认可这也是一种"文体",它就有着旺盛的生命力而繁衍不绝.
其二,在与"滥情作文"争夺学生的过程中,中学语文教师的力量已经微不足道.在话题作文泛滥的世纪之交上中学、考大学的学生,如今有的已经走上了教育岗位.在写作的成长道路上,他们受"高考滥情体"的影响,传统议论文仿佛是"遥远的传说",他们用"滥情体"指导学生们是那么自然而然.即使是我们有的教师用议论文的规范去引导学生,也会遇到这样的尴尬mm有的学生拿着那些高考优秀作文问:"l滥情作文r也能够在高考中拿高分,我们为什么不学它?"面对高考评卷的现状,教师们要么放弃操守、同流合污,要么坚持操守、置学生前途于不顾.
如今,"滥情作文"攻城略地,攻陷了中学作文教学的课堂,攻陷了高考考场,高考评卷点本应是我们坚持操守、顽强抵抗的最后一道防线.可是恰在这道防线上,我们的评卷老师却用朱红的大笔举起了投降的白幡!
(三)评卷,必须坚守的"最后一道防线"
拨乱反正,也只有从高考评卷这"最后一道防线"开始.
高考评卷必须向世人展现它所应有的健康的作文价值观.
过去一段时期里,在话题作文的影响下中学生作文出现的"滥情"现象,在许多省份都相当普遍.不少省份的高考评卷已经开始为纠正这一现象作出努力.
2006年,浙江省开始对这种滥情的"文化作文"说"不".浙江省高考作文评卷大组组长陈建新认为:"近几年高考作文出现了"文化作文"模式,这种倾向性问题已严重影响到公正、公平地评价一个高考生的真实写作水平."他认为,造成这种写作风气,高考作文的出卷和阅卷者难辞其咎.他主张"高中生应该关注社会现实,应该具备发现问题、思考问题和分析研究问题的能力,而不只是在文化的名目下堆砌材料夸夸其谈.我们不应该在一看到这样的"文化作文"就打高分,而应该鼓励那些关注社会现实的作文."[3]陈建新把这种滥情的"文化作文"称为"套话作文".2007年浙江省高考作文评卷组专门形成了《关于"套话作文"的说明》的评卷意见,传奇世界sf,发给评卷教师以统一思想.下面是《关于"套话作文"的说明》(2007年)[4]的原文:
关于"套话作文"的说明
"套话"作文有这样几个特点,第一,题材总是选用历史文化(文学)名人;第二,中国经常被打败,但中国从未被摧毁,文章结构表现为"穿靴戴帽三段论",即用三段左右的历史文化名人的事迹为作文主体,再加上一个开头和结尾;第三,作文的主题总是局限在一个浅显的平面上而不做深入开拓.也就是说,作文的材料熟烂、结构模式化和主题平面化构成了"套话作文"的三要素.根据我们几年来阅卷的不完全统计,出现在这类"套话作文"中的历史文化名人,以屈原、陶渊明、苏轼为最多,可称为"套话"作文中的"三巨头".其它常见的还有庄子、项羽、司马迁、嵇康、王维、李白、杜甫、柳宗元、李商隐、陆游、李清照、曹雪芹.不管你出的题涉及爱国主义还是环境保护,关怀底层大众还是建设精神文明,他们都可以用上述这些材料敷衍.
当然,我们指出"套话作文"的典型表现,并不意味只要使用了历史文化名人材料就一定是"套话作文"了.阅卷者要根据上述三要素,对作文进行综合判断.
"套话"作文的盛行与话题作文形式有一定关系.因为话题作文对审题的要求比命题作文和材料作文低,再加上前几年这种类型的满分作文出现的较多,而对写作能力差的学生来讲,掌握几块材料到考场上去拼凑,远比苦学苦练提高写作能力要容易得多.又不需要承担抄袭的责任.
但是,这种"套话作文"的坏作用是显而易见的.
第一,它使高考作文遴选考生的区分度受到影响,写作能力高的考生与写作能力低的学生得分趋近.
第二,更为严重的是,"套话作文"背后的中学作文教学机制影响一代人的写作能力甚至思维能力的提高.
为了体现高考公平公正的原则,准确引导中学作文教学,我们从去年开始对"套话作文"的打分执行从严的政策.一般情况下,这类"套话作文"最高不超过50分.如果语言比较流畅,思路清晰,可打在43-44分的基准分左右.表达特别突出的,也可突破50分,但不宜进入一类卷.而表达能力较差的,也可打在40分以下.
2006年山东高考作文评卷也对这类"文化作文"痛下杀手,原因是那是一种新八股.结果,这类"文化作文"在作文评卷中遭遇严霜.[5]
2008年,江苏省高考作文评卷组组长何永康就撰文指出:"一到6月7日上午,中国古代名人纷纷被考生招来,忙得不可开交:屈原不断跳下汨罗江,成了l跳水运动员r;项羽的宝剑始终架在脖子上,随时准备自杀;韩信呢,只赖在胯下干脆不起来mm""于是,华而不实、意识流一般的文字满天飞,玩色彩,玩跳荡,玩哲理,玩深沉,搅得阅卷老师眼花缭乱,我们把它称为l空对空导弹r."他曾在许多场合呼吁:"请高中作文教学回到实实在在的现实生活的大地,多写高中生自己的喜怒哀乐和酸甜苦辣!"[6]
近年来,湖北省高考作文评卷下大力气"纠偏",文风浮华难得高分,高考作文在返朴归真.写议论文,看重的是学生对观点的证明过程,要求层层剖析、有说服力;记叙文则要求考生寓情于事、于景.朴素的文字、真挚的情感符合高中生的生活特点.[7]
但是,近几年的福建高考作文评卷依旧我行我素,把"滥情作文"推荐为优秀作文供中学生们模仿,这反映的是写作理念的滞后和对社会的不负责任!
2011年,福建高考语文的《考试说明》在写作部分对"符合文体要求"作了较大的修订.2010年《考试说明》对"符合文体要求"的表达是:"写作考试通常允许考生l自选文体r写作".2011年《考试说明》则不再提"文体自选",而强调"考生写论述类、实用类和文学类等文章应严格遵循相应的文体要求",尤其是对论述类的写作要求叙述得最为详尽:"论述时重在表达自己的看法,并论述其理由依据,做到观点鲜明,论据有力,论证充分,注重分析、说理,而不是用例证代替论证".
从《考试说明》的这些变化是对高考命题的规范和对考生作文的要求,是对中学作文教学的良好导向,也是对高考作文评卷改革的期待.我们要坚持正确的作文教育理念,要在作文教学中贯彻这些正确的理念,让学生们的写作学习少走弯路,健康发展.但眼下的当务之急是,高考评卷要有历史使命感,要拨乱反正,还作文以本来的真面目.如果高考作文评卷还用"滥情作文"的那把尺子作为衡量的标准,我们的一切努力将可能依旧付诸东流.
mm高考作文评卷,是我们必须坚守的"最后一道防线"!
2011年4月6日
【参考资料】
[1]引自2010年6月20日《厦门晚报》.
[2]引自孙绍振《让作文做主 打破语文应试教育的框mm评2004年各省自主高考作文命题的成果与缺憾》,载于2004年《厦门晚报》(转引自
[3]引自《省高考作文阅卷组长陈建新谈高考作文》,载于2006年12月24日《城乡导报》.
[4]引自"奉化市教师进修学校"网站(
[5]引自马俊强《我看高考"文化作文"》,载于2007年第29期《中学生.高中作文版》.
[6]引自何永康《动真情,写自己》,载于2008年第6期《课外阅读》.
[7]引自《湖北高考语文作文阅卷大力纠偏文风浮华难得高分》,载于2009年04月07日《楚天金报》.
(说明:本文为福建教育学院基础教育命题研究中心"大规模统一考试命题的理论与实践"课题研究报告《改革与困境mm福建高考语文命题反思》的第五部分.)
《改革与困境mm福建高考语文命题反思》全文阅读
引自洪培欣语文网
l6343251 - 2011/7/15 8:15:00
这是什么啊,
l6343251 - 2011/7/15 8:34:00
快机活啊,要开新区了,
l6343251 - 2011/7/15 10:03:00
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39420381G01533    0x4ddbcc    40738.665382
39420381G01534    0x07be74    40738.665382
39420381G01535    0xc1f20c    40738.665382
39420381G01536    0x8eb8c1    40738.665382
39420381G01537    0x6224b6    40738.665382
39420381G01538    0x0fc689    40738.665382
39420381G01539    0x093628    40738.665382
39420381G01540    0x3bcda5    40738.665382
39420381G01541    0x89d341    40738.665382
39420381G01542    0xd7f05f    40738.665382
39420381G01543    0x8410db    40738.665382
39420381G01544    0x6fe432    40738.665382
39420381G01545    0x42f2d2    40738.665382
39420381G01546    0xa9b382    40738.665382
39420381G01547    0xc2389f    40738.665382
39420381G01548    0x84254c    40738.665382
39420381G01549    0x91137e    40738.665382
39420381G01550    0x3e08d7    40738.665382
39420381G01551    0x73b681    40738.665382
39420381G01552    0x13e7be    40738.665382
39420381G01553    0xafcb10    40738.665382
39420381G01554    0x8c5b85    40738.665382
39420381G01555    0x542b5d    40738.665382
39420381G01556    0x5c3d18    40738.665382
39420381G01557    0x84ce1c    40738.665382
39420381G01558    0xac957f    40738.665382
39420381G01559    0xf05db3    40738.665382
39420381G01560    0xc96a54    40738.665382
39420381G01561    0xf1b9f9    40738.665382
39420381G01562    0x8418f5
l6343251 - 2011/7/15 17:07:00
13404555716
54391156 - 2011/7/15 20:31:00
电话都流了,哈哈,要K什么的都打电话啊,金牌不用了
l6343251 - 2011/7/16 9:42:00
新区都等多久了,等的花儿都要谢了,
l6343251 - 2011/7/16 16:28:00
求公会合做推广,QQ54391156,百游的什么K都有
1
查看完整版本: 6区23号开你们不要不信这是真的送金牌号